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} 2 Sheets- Sheet 1. PETER J. PA ULY,S1*. & PETER J; PAULY, Jr.

+FNO Model.)

MECHANISM FOR OPENING AND CLOSING JAIL DOORS.

Patented Sept. 6, 1892.

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PETER J,'PAULY, S1-. & PETER J. P'AULY, Jr. MECHANISM FOR OPENING ANDCLOSING JAIL DOORS.

No. 482,316. Patented Sept. GQLBQZ.

UNITED STATES PETER J. PAULY, SR, AND PETER J. PAULY, JR, OF ST. LOUIS,MISSOURI, ASSIGNORS TO PAULY JAIL BUILDING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY OFSAME PLACE.

PATENT OFFICE.

MECHANISM FOR OPENING -AND CLOSING JAIL-DOORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 482,316, datedSeptember 6, 1892. Application filed March 15, 1892. Serial No. 25,04=2.(N model.)

rangement and combination of parts, as will be more fully hereinafterdescribed, and designated in the claims.

H In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation showing two cells whichare constructed according to our invention, with the mechanism foroperating and locking the same in its normal or locked position. Fig. 2is a top plan view of the same, showing the mechanism in a similarposition. Fig. 3 is an end View with parts broken away, showing moreclearly the parts for operating the mechanism. Fig. 4 is a perspectiveview of a portion of the bar for operating the locking devlce for a celland a portion of the mechanism attached thereto for operating the shaftwhich carries the locks. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of thelevers for shifting the gearing with operating-bar attached thereto.Fig. 6 is a side elevation showing the lock for holding theoperating-levers which are attached to the bars which lead to and areconnected to the levers for shifting the gearing. Fig. 7 is a transversesection through the hub of the bevel gear-wheel, which is loosely keyedupon the operating-shaft. Fig. 8 is a transverse section through the hubof the adjacent gearwheel, which is locked against rotation independentof the operating-shaft, showing the lever for operating the same inconnection therewith.

The object of our invention is principally to do away or dispense withas much friction as possible, and, further, employ such mechanism aswill quickly and effectually open and close one or more swingingcell-doors either singly or simultaneously.

Heretofore it has been the general practice to employ worm-pinions andworm segments or wheels in order to accomplish the desired results,which not only increases the friction, but necessarily employs a greateramount of labor in order to operate the same.

In the drawings we have shown only two cells, which is deemed to be asufficient number in order to clearly present the improvements desiredto be covered.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a casing, which embodies twocells, each cell of which is provided with a swinging door 2.

Before proceeding further with the description it would be well to statethat the mechanism for operating the doors of the cell are similar ineach instance and are adapted to be operated independent of one anotheror simultaneously, as may be desired.

3 represents a square shaft the lower end of which is suitably shapedand loosely mounted in a suitable bearing which is secured to the flooror any other portion of the cell 011 the outside of the same. To thefront of the cells or casing 1, near the top of the same, is secured abearing 4., which holds the said shaft in its proper position. To thesaid shaft is secured one edge of the door 2 in any suitable mechanicalmanner, whereby when the same is turned the said door will also beclosed or opened, according to the position the same assumes beforebeing operated.

5 represents a beveled gear-wheel, which is rigidly keyed to the upperend of the said shaft 3, the teeth of which are adapted to mesh with theteeth of the beveled pinion 6, keyed upon the short shaft 7, as betterillustrated in Fig. 2.

8 represents a casting, which is so shaped and formed as to providebearings for the various parts, as hereinafter more fully described. Thesaid short shaft 7 is loosely mounted in the bearings 9, formed with thecasting 8, and to the opposite end of saidshaft is keyed a beveledgear-wheel 10, to which motion is imparted by the mechanism, ashereinafter described, when it is desired to open or close the door 2. Y

11 represents a horizontal operating-shaft, which preferably extends theentire length of the cells and is loosely mounted in suitable bearings12, secured to the top of the said cells, in a manner as clearly shownin Fig. 2.

13 represents a beveled pinion through which the operating-shaft 11passes, which shaft serves to hold the same in its proper position; butsaid pinion is movable longitudinally independent of said shaft. Thesaid beveled pinion 13 does not in any way rotate; but is adapted to bemoved in a horizontal direction upon said shaft by the mechanism, asbetter illustrated in Fig. 7. The

said operating-shaft '11 is provided with a feather 14, which is ofsufiicient length to compensate for the movement of the beveled pinion15. The said pinion 15 is susceptible of two movements-one in relationto the length of the shaft or in a horizontal direction and the otherarotating motion which isimparted thereto by the said operating-shaft.The said beveled pinions 13 and 15 are each provided with hubs 16, andsaid hubs are provided with annular grooves 17, which provide means forattaching the shifting-levers, the construction of which we shall nowproceed to describe.

18 represents the lever, which is in engagement with the hub 16 of thepinion 13 and is provided with a forked end 19, and the inner surfacesof the said forked end provided with projections 20, which are adaptedto be inserted in suitable openings formed in said hub about the annulargroove 17. By this construction it will be seen that the saidpinion isprevented from being rotated and acts as a clutch for locking thebeveled gear-wheel 10 against rotation when the same is brought incontact therewith. The said lever 18 is movably attached to the casting8at a point, as shown at 21, and the remaining portion of said leverextends a sufficient distance rearward and to which is attached anoperatingbar 22. p

23 represents a similar lever, which is also movably attached to thecasting 8 in a similar manner and is provided with a forked end 24 andsaid end provided with pins 25, which are adapted to be located in theannular groove 17, formed in the hub 16 of the pinion 15, allowing thesame to be rotated independent of said lever. To the rear end of thesaid lever 23 is movably attached a plate 26, which leads and isconnected to the lever 18, cansing the said levers to be operatedsimultaneously and parallel with one another. Near one end of the lever18 is attached one end of a coil-spring 27, and the opposite end of saidspring is attached to a suitable plate or other device, which isfastened to the top of the cells.

NVlien the device is in a locked position,as shown in Fig. 2, the pinion13 will be in contact with thegear-wheel 10 and the beveled pinion 15will be out of contact with the said gear-wheel 10, and while in thisposition the operating-shaft 11 may be operated or turned without in anyway operating the doors of the cells. \Vhen the bar 22 is released fromits locked position and allowed to move by the tension of the spring 27,the stationary or non-rotating pinion 13 will be brought out of contactwith the gear-wheel 10 and the beveled pinion 15 brought in contact withsaid gear-wheel, in which position when the operating-shaft 11 is turnedor rotated motion will be imparted to the short shaft 7, beveled pinion6, and beveled gear-wheel 5, opening or closing the door of the cell, asthe case may be.

28 represents the operating-lever, which is movably secured in anydesirable manner to one end of the cells intermediate of its length, andto the upper end of said lever is movably attached one end of theoperating-bar 22. Near the lower end of said operatinglever and formedtherein is an elongated opening, through which a curved arm 29 isadapted to be passed when it is desired to hold the beveled pinion 13 inthe position as shown in Fig. 2. One end of the said arm 29 is looselysecured to that end of the cell to which the operating-lever 28 issecured, and formed in the said arm near its pivotal point is adepression 30, which serves to hold the said lever in a locked positionuntil the said arm is elevated, when the door of the cell is desired tobe operated, the construction of which can be better seen by referringto Fig. 6.

31 represents a beveled gear-wheel, which is keyed to one end of theoperating-shaft 11, the teeth of which mesh with the teeth formed on thesimilar gear-wheel 32. it

33 represents a vertical shaft, to the upper end of which is keyed thesaid gear-wheel 32, and to the lower end of said shaft is keyed abeveled gear-wheel 34. The lower end of the said shaft is mounted in asuitable bearing carried by the support 35 and the upper end in abearing 36, secured to the end of the cell.

37 represents a short shaft, which has its hearings in the upper portionof the support 35, and keyed thereto isabeveled gear-wheel 38, the teethof which mesh with the teeth formed on the beveled gear-wheel 34,whereby motion is imparted to the said vertical shaft 33.

To the projecting end of the shaft 37 is secured a hand-wheel 39 forimparting motion to said shaft and to the remaining portions or parts ofthe operating mechanism. Should the lever 28 be in the position as shownin the drawings, and consequently the beveled pinion 13 be in contactwith the gear-wheel 10, there would be no motion imparted to thecell-door when the hand-wheel 39 is turned but should the said levers 28be released by the arm 29 the spring 27 would cause the beveled pinion15 to be brought in contact with the beveled gear-wheel 10 and thebeveled pinion 13 out of contact with said gear wheel 10, in whichposition the doors would be opened or closed should motion be impartedto the said hand-wheel. Should it be desired to only open one door ofone of the cells, one operating-leversuch as 28 is operated or releasedfrom its locked position; but should it be desired to unlock two or anylarger number of cell-doors two or more of the said levers are released,which operation has a like effect, and by rotating the hand wheel two ormore of the cell-doors can be operated simultaneously.

The mechanism hereinbefore described will lock the cell-doors when themechanism is in the position as shown in the drawings; but in order toguard against any possibility of the prisoner gaining freedom from thecells we employ additional mechanism, as we shall now proceed todescribe.

40 represents a vertical shaft, which is loosely mounted in suitablebearings 41, se-

cured to the front of the cell, and is parallel with and at a suitabledistance from the edge of the cell-door 2. Secured to the said shaft inradius with the door is any suitable number of plates 42, one end ofwhich is provided with openings through which the said shaft 40 passes.To the upper or projecting end of the said shaft 40 and keyed thereto isa slotted arm 43, which is movably attached to an operating-bar 44 bymeans of a bolt 45, passing through said slot and into said bar, thesaid slot compensating for the longitudinal movement of the said bar,the construction of which is better shown in Fig. 4.

46 represents a bearing, which is secured to the end of the cell nearthe top thereof, and movably attached thereto is an operating-lever 47.The upper end of the said lever is movably attached to one end of theoperating-bar 44 and the lower end of the same is provided with anopening through which a staple 48 is adapted to pass when the same is inthe position, as shown in the drawings, for locking the door of thecell. When the operating-lever 47 is in said position, a pin or otherdevice is passed through said staple, holding the same in a lockedposition; but when it is desired to rotate or turn the shaft 40 andbring the plates out of contact with the cell-door the lower end of saidlever is moved from the end of the cell.

It will be understood that the number of shafts 40 employed depends uponthe number of jaitdoors used, and that the additional ones are attachedto the operating-bar 44 in a like manner, and all operatedsimultaneously and independent of the mechanism for operating andclosing the said doors.

The latter construction is intended to be used entirely for swingingcell-doors, and when the gear-wheels are made of the proper dimensionsone revolution of the hand-wheel 39 will entirely open or close the saiddoors.

Having fully described our invention, what We claim is 1. Mechanismforopening, closing, and looking cell-doors, consisting of a hingeddoor, a gear-wheel rigidly secured to the same, a shaft mounted insuitable bearings secured to the top of the cell, a pinion keyed to oneend of said shaft, adapted to mesh with said gearwheel, a gear-wheelkeyed to the opposite end of the said shaft, an operating-shaftjournaled in suitable bearings and adapted to be turned by suitablemechanism, and pinions movable upon said operating-shaft and adapted tobe successively brought in contact with the last-named gear-wheel forlocking the door or operating the same when the said operating-shaft isrotated, substantially as described.

2. Mechanism for opening, closing, andlocking cell-doors, consisting ofa hinged door, a shaft rigidly secured to the same, abeveled gear-wheelfixed to said shaft, a shaft, such as 7, mounted in suitable bearingssecured to the top of the cell, a pinion keyed to one end of the saidshaft and adapted to mesh with said gear-wheel, a beveled gear-wheel 10,keyed to the opposite end of said shaft, an operatingshaft, and beveledpinions movable upon said shaft, one of which is locked against rotationand the other adapted to be rotated by said shaft, both of which areadapted to be successively brought into contact with the said beveledgear-wheel 10, substantially as described.

3. Mechanism for opening, closing, andlocking cell-doors, consisting ofa hinged door, a beveled gear-wheel fixed to the same, a pinion adaptedto mesh with the said gear-wheel, a gear-wheel, such as 10, adapted toimpart motion to the said pinion, an operating-shaft 11, beveled pinionsloosely mounted upon said shaft and adapted to be successively broughtin contact with the said gear-wheel 10, levers attached to the saidpinions, a plate, such as 26, attached to the said levers, a. bar, suchas 22, attached to one of the said levers, and a lever adapted to beattached to the cell, to which one end of the said bar is looselyattached for operating the said pinions independent of the said shaft,substantially as described.

4. A device for opening, closing, and looking cell-doors, consisting ofa rotating shaft, such as 3, to which the cell-door is attached, abeveled gear-wheel fixed to the upper end of the said shaft, suitablegearing in connection with said gear-wheel, and an operatingshaft, suchas 11, beveled pinions, such as 13 and 15, adapted to be moved in ahorizontal direction upon the same, one of which is adapted to berotated by the said shaft, levers for operating said pinionssuccessively, a spring attached to one of the said levers, a barattached to the lever to which the spring is attached, and a leverattached to the cell, to which one end of the bar is attached,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we affix oursignatures in presence of twowitnesses.

PETER J. PAULY, SR.

PETER J. PAULY, JR.

Witnesses:

O. F. KELLER, ALFRED A. EIOKS.

